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Background
Male breast disease is a significant health concern. Although less common than in women, radiologists must be able to detect and diagnose breast lesions in men, given that they present with more advanced disease due to delayed diagnosis. This exhibit will discuss the clinical presentation, pathology, and radiologic imaging in male breast disease. Ultrasonography and mammography are essential in the management male lesions, and this exhibit will provide radiologists with valuable knowledge for the management of male breast disease.

Educational Goals / Teaching Points
Review the pathology of the breast lesions that commonly affect men. Review the appropriate imaging modalities used to evaluate male breasts depending on the clinical presentation. Discuss the imaging findings to help differentiate benign versus malignant male breast lesions. Provide case examples of mammographic and ultrasound findings of male breast disease.

Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
A spectrum of underlying factors can manifest as benign male breast masses, encompassing conditions such as gynecomastia, sebaceous cysts, lipomas, and abscesses. The pivotal aspect lies in distinguishing these benign origins from their malignant counterparts. Predominantly, male breast malignancies often manifest as Ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive ductal carcinoma. Characteristically, these tumors exhibit a triad of defining attributes: discreetly demarcated, diminutive subareolar masses positioned eccentrically relative to the nipple. This triad, coupled with indicators of angiogenesis, microcalcifications, and signs of invasive growth, ought to incite clinical suspicion regarding malignancy. Mammography stands as the initial imaging modality for tangible breast masses, followed by targeted ultrasound when the outcomes of mammographic assessment warrant further clarification.

Conclusion
Male breast disease stands as a substantial health concern, notable for its propensity to elude early detection and manifest in advanced stages. The exhibit provides radiologists with key information into the clinical presentation, pathology, and radiologic imaging of male breast disease. By reviewing appropriate imaging modalities on the basis of clinical presentation and discussing characteristic imaging findings (along with case presentations and examples of male breast pathology), the radiologist will be equipped with essential knowledge to navigate and diagnose disease effectively.