Background
There are many benign and malignant osseous lesions which primarily affect the pediatric patient. The most common benign pediatric bone tumors include nonossifying fibroma, aneurysmal bone cyst, osteoid osteoma, osteochondroma, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The most common malignant pediatric bone tumors are osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Imaging modalities including plain radiographs, CT scans, MRI, and PET scans are all used today for tumor characterization, preoperative planning, and tumor staging. Although some tumors demonstrate unique and classic imaging characteristics, others may be difficult to differentiate from one another. In these cases, biopsy is often required for definitive diagnosis.
Educational Goals / Teaching Points
Utilize case-based approach to highlight the key imaging features of benign and malignant bone tumors. Review the current treatment and follow-up guidelines.
Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
Review the imaging findings of malignant bone tumors such as osteosarcoma and Ewings sarcoma, as well as benign entities such as osteoid osteoma and aneurysmal bone cyst, among others. A variety of imaging modalities will be included including radiography, CT, and MRI.
Conclusion
A comprehensive case review of benign and malignant bone tumors in the pediatric patient.
