E2837. Testicular Neoplasms: What the Radiologists Need to Know and Oncologists Want to Know
Authors
Nir Stanietzky;
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Achal Sarna;
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Juan Jose Ibarra Rovira;
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Catherine Devine;
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Dhakshina moorthy Ganeshan;
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Background
Testicular tumors are relatively rare, accounting for only 1% of all solid neoplasms occurring in men. Yet, these are the most common tumors in the males between the ages of 15 and 35. They are a diverse group of tumors, with variable biological behavior and clinical outcome. The vast majority of the testicular tumors are primary germ cell tumors, which includes seminoma (classic type and anaplastic seminoma), spermatocytic tumor, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma and teratoma. Sex cord stromal tumors are uncommon in testes, accounting for < 5 percent of all testicular neoplasms in adults. The main subtypes of testicular sex cord stromal tumors include Leydig cell tumors, Sertoli cell tumors, and granulosa cell tumors. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to describe the imaging spectrum and management of testicular tumors.
Educational Goals / Teaching Points
This educational exhibit will describe the incidence and histopathological features of primary testicular neoplasms, discuss the typical and atypical imaging features, discuss role of ultrasound, CT, MRI and PET CT in staging of these tumors, and describe the current management of the primary testicular neoplasms.
Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
Ultrasound is the most common imaging modality used for the characterization and diagnosis of testicular neoplasms. Testicular MRI may be useful, especially when sonographic findings are indeterminate. Recent studies show that MR may alos help to differentiate between testicular seminomas and nonseminomas, and thereby influence patient management. CT is the most common modality used for staging testicular malignancies, but MR and PET CT play an important adjunct role. We will discuss the imaging protocol for evaluation of primary testicular neoplasms. Imaging features of the various histological subtypes will be discussed in this exhibit.
Conclusion
Imaging plays a very important role in the diagnosis and follow up of testicular neoplasms. Although relatively rare, radiologists should be aware of the clinical and multimodality imaging features that will aid in the early detection and optimal management of primary testicular neoplasms.
