E2525. Nephrocalcinosis: A Symptom, Not a Diagnosis
Authors
Cameron Adler;
Mayo Clinic - Scottsdale
Hartman Robert;
Mayo Clinic - Rochester
Matthew Heller;
Mayo Clinic - Jacksonville
Christine Menias;
Mayo Clinic - Scottsdale
Akira Kawashima;
Mayo Clinic - Scottsdale
Background
There are many different causes of nephrocalcinosis with unique pathophysiology and treatment which are often oversimplified in imaging reports. The imaging features can often identify specific disease processes, altering clinical management.
Educational Goals / Teaching Points
Clinical features, imaging features, and differential diagnosis of diseases resulting in medullary, cortical, and other types of nephrocalcinosis. Pathophysiology of nephrocalcinosis. Common pitfalls in evaluation of nephrocalcinosis. Review other causes of renal calcification.
Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
The exhibit will focus on the CT and radiographic appearance of nephrocalcinosis. We will group causes by the type of associated nephrocalcinosis (medullary and cortical) and review the clinical features, imaging features, and differential diagnosis for various causes of nephrocalcinosis, including medullary sponge kidney, hypercalciuric states (hyperparathyroidism, hypervitaminosis D), renal tubular acidosis type I, primary hyperoxaluria type I, chronic glomerulonephritis, and renal cortical necrosis. We will also review common pitfalls in the evaluation of nephrocalcinosis, including other causes of calcification or hyperattenuation associated with the kidneys.
Conclusion
There are a variety of causes of nephrocalcinosis. The varying causes of nephrocalcinosis can often be distinguished by imaging features, leading to distinct changes in clinical management.
