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Background
Iatrogenic injuries and periprocedural complications are inevitable, sometimes unexpected and incalculable, risks associated with present-day medical and surgical interventions, which can vary widely from one intervention to another. They are at least partly dependent on the medical devices and instrumentation utilized for these interventions. A fundamental knowledge of common medical and surgical interventions and associated devices, with the appropriate clinical context, are oftentimes paramount for accurate and timely diagnosis of periprocedural complications/injuries, which can be challenging for even proficient radiologists. We attempt to highlight some interesting cases of such iatrogenic and postprocedural injuries/complications, with an imaging-based focus for junior trainees and expert radiologists, alike.

Educational Goals / Teaching Points
Periprocedural complications and iatrogenic injuries can be challenging and unexpected pathologic entities that can have catastrophic implications if untreated. Medical and surgical interventions along with their associated devices and equipment are constantly evolving. Basic knowledge of common medico-surgical interventions and devices is paramount for accurate, and timely diagnosis, and management of periprocedural and iatrogenic complications. We present a case-based imaging-focused review of some interesting iatrogenic/periprocedural complications/injuries.

Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
Imaging features vary extensively depending on the type of intervention a patient may undergo. The key lies in delineating abnormal and pathologic findings from normal and variant/altered anatomy, and expected periprocedural imaging findings. A foundational knowledge of routinely employed and more specific institution-dependent therapeutic and palliative interventions is also necessary in order to discern pathology in such cases. For instance, familiarity with normal anatomic placement of medical support devices would facilitate enhanced accuracy and confidence in the diagnosis of malpositioned devices. A basic understanding of surgical or interventional approaches may additionally help with problem-solving and troubleshooting in challenging cases.

Conclusion
With an ever-evolving arsenal of therapeutic and palliative procedural interventions and increased availability of medical imaging, familiarity with iatrogenic injuries and periprocedural complications is becoming increasingly important for the radiologist. We attempt to highlight some interesting cases of such iatrogenic and postprocedural injury/complications.