E1454. Cardiac Calcifications Inside-to-Out: A Pictorial Review
Authors
Mitchell Belkin;
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Lydia Chelala;
University of Chicago
Amanda Marrero-González;
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Rydhwana Hossain;
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Jean Jeudy;
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Charles White;
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Background
Cardiovascular calcifications are frequently encountered on routine chest CT imaging. These calcifications can involve different locations within the cardiovascular system. Calcifications can produce variable clinical symptoms, ranging from being completely asymptomatic to AV block, embolus, and death. Understanding the anatomic location of calcification can help a radiologist narrow the differential diagnosis. We present an inside-to-outside pictorial review of cardiovascular calcifications as detected on chest CT imaging and briefly review their pathophysiology.
Educational Goals / Teaching Points
The purpose of this educational exhibit is to review the anatomy and classic imaging findings of cardiac calcifications to aid in accurate diagnosis and management. We will review six anatomic locations of cardiovascular calcifications on chest CT as well as the pathophysiology and clinical implications associated with these calcifications. From inside-to-outside, these “layers” are: (1) intrachamber calcifications; (2) valvular/ annular calcification; (3) myocardial calcification; (4) epicardial calcifications; (5) pericardial calcifications; and (6) paracardiac/ extrapericardial calcification. This educational exhibit is geared towards residents and may serve as a review for more experienced radiologists
Key Anatomic/Physiologic Issues and Imaging Findings/Techniques
Cardiac calcifications can derive from multiple etiologies, including atherosclerosis, renal dysfunction, as well as dystrophic and metastatic calcification. A thorough knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology will help radiologists understand the clinical implications of imaging findings.
Conclusion
Calcifications of the cardiovascular system are frequently encountered on routine chest CT imaging. Knowledge of their anatomic location and pathophysiology can help narrow the differential diagnosis for the interpreting radiologist.
